Steroid hormone precursor biosynthesis (WP5277)
Homo sapiens
Biosynthesis of steroid hormone precursors. The enzymes responsible for this process are mainly cytochrome P450 (Cyps), hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSDs), and steroid reductases, converting cholesterol to several classes of steroid hormones such as glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, progestins, androgens, and estrogens. these reactions take place in various organs, e.g. adrenal gland, testis, ovary, brain, placenta, and adipose tissue [PMID:16807284]. The pathway knowledge depicted in this model stems from William Griffths. Metabolic reactions currently without a Rhea ID have been added in bold to the pathway model.
Authors
Conroy lipids , Egon Willighagen , Denise Slenter , Lina Schiffer , Lars Willighagen , and Eric WeitzActivity
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Organisms
Homo sapiensCommunities
Annotations
Pathway Ontology
cholesterol metabolic pathway C21-steroid hormone biosynthetic pathway steroid hormone biosynthetic pathway lipid metabolic pathway steroid biosynthetic pathway classic metabolic pathway| Label | Type | Compact URI | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isoprogesterone | Metabolite | lipidmaps:LMST02030299 | |
| Pregnenetriol | Metabolite | lipidmaps:LMST02030263 | |
| 20R,22R-dihydroxycholesterol | Metabolite | lipidmaps:LMST01010200 | |
| Pregnenediol | Metabolite | lipidmaps:LMST02030205 | |
| 5beta-pregnane-3,20-dione | Metabolite | lipidmaps:LMST02030146 | |
| 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one | Metabolite | lipidmaps:LMST02030175 | |
| 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone | Metabolite | lipidmaps:LMST02030161 | |
| 17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone | Metabolite | lipidmaps:LMST02030089 | |
| Pregnanediol | Metabolite | lipidmaps:LMST02030264 | |
| 22R-Hydroxycholesterol | Metabolite | lipidmaps:LMST01010086 | |
| 11-deoxycorticosterone | Metabolite | lipidmaps:LMST02030087 | |
| Allopregnanolone | Metabolite | lipidmaps:LMST02030130 | |
| Cholesterol | Metabolite | lipidmaps:LMST01010001 | |
| 11-deoxycortisol | Metabolite | lipidmaps:LMST02030086 | |
| 20alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone | Metabolite | lipidmaps:LMST02030169 | |
| Pregnanediol-3-glucuronide | Metabolite | lipidmaps:LMST05010073 | |
| Progesterone | Metabolite | lipidmaps:LMST02030159 | |
| Pregnenolone | Metabolite | lipidmaps:LMST02030088 | |
| 5alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione | Metabolite | lipidmaps:LMST02030170 | |
| AKR1D1 | GeneProduct | uniprot:P51857 | |
| CYP11A1 | GeneProduct | uniprot:P05108 | |
| SRD5A1 | GeneProduct | uniprot:P18405 | |
| AKR1C1 | GeneProduct | uniprot:Q04828 | |
| SRD5A2 | GeneProduct | uniprot:P31213 | |
| CYP21A2 | GeneProduct | uniprot:P08686 | |
| CYP17A1 | GeneProduct | uniprot:P05093 | |
| HSD3B2 | GeneProduct | uniprot:P26439 | |
| HSD3B1 | GeneProduct | uniprot:P14060 |
References
- The steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway as a target for endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Sanderson JT. Toxicol Sci. 2006 Nov;94(1):3–21. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Substrate specificity and inhibitor analyses of human steroid 5β-reductase (AKR1D1). Chen M, Drury JE, Penning TM. Steroids. 2011 Apr;76(5):484–90. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Human steroid biosynthesis, metabolism and excretion are differentially reflected by serum and urine steroid metabolomes: A comprehensive review. Schiffer L, Barnard L, Baranowski ES, Gilligan LC, Taylor AE, Arlt W, et al. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2019 Nov;194:105439. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia