Cholesterol biosynthesis (WP952)

Pan troglodytes

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Cholesterol is a waxy steroid metabolite found in the cell membranes and transported in the blood plasma of all animals. It is an essential structural component of mammalian cell membranes, where it is required to establish proper membrane permeability and fluidity. In addition, cholesterol is an important component for the manufacture of bile acids, steroid hormones, and several fat-soluble vitamins. Cholesterol is the principal sterol synthesized by animals, but small quantities are synthesized in other eukaryotes, such as plants and fungi. It is almost completely absent among prokaryotes, which include bacteria. Source: [[wikipedia:Cholesterol|Wikipedia]]

Authors

Thomas Kelder , Christine Chichester , Egon Willighagen , and Eric Weitz

Activity

last edited

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Organisms

Pan troglodytes

Communities

Annotations

Pathway Ontology

cholesterol biosynthetic pathway

Participants

Label Type Compact URI Comment
Squalene Metabolite cas:111-02-4
Lathosterol Metabolite cas:80-99-9
Cholesterol Metabolite cas:57-88-5
Mevalonic acid Metabolite cas:150-97-0
Mevalonic acid-5P Metabolite cas:73566-35-5
Mevalonic acid 5-pyrophosphate Metabolite cas:1492-08-6
farnesyl pyrophosphate Metabolite cas:13058-04-3
Geranyl-PP Metabolite cas:6699-20-3
Dimethylallylpyrophosphate Metabolite cas:358-72-5
7-Dehydrocholesterol Metabolite cas:434-16-2
Lanosterin Metabolite cas:79-63-0
(S)-2,3-Epoxysqualene Metabolite chebi:15441
isopentenyl pyrophosphate Metabolite cas:358-71-4
FDPS GeneProduct ncbigene:457366
IDI1 GeneProduct ncbigene:450263
HMGCS1 GeneProduct ncbigene:461892
HMGCR GeneProduct ncbigene:471516
MVD GeneProduct ncbigene:468069
FDFT1 GeneProduct ncbigene:740684
DHCR7 GeneProduct ncbigene:451393
SC5DL GeneProduct ncbigene:451624
LSS GeneProduct ncbigene:474058
SQLE GeneProduct ncbigene:464383
PMVK GeneProduct ncbigene:457350
CYP51A1 GeneProduct ncbigene:463527
SC4MOL GeneProduct ncbigene:738493

References

  1. Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase catalyzing the single condensation between isopentenyl diphosphate and farnesyl diphosphate. Sagami H, Korenaga T, Ogura K. J Biochem. 1993 Jul;114(1):118–21. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  2. Cloning and characterization of ERG25, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene encoding C-4 sterol methyl oxidase. Bard M, Bruner DA, Pierson CA, Lees ND, Biermann B, Frye L, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Jan 9;93(1):186–90. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  3. Characterization of yeast methyl sterol oxidase (ERG25) and identification of a human homologue. Li L, Kaplan J. J Biol Chem. 1996 Jul 12;271(28):16927–33. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  4. Structural and evolutionary studies on sterol 14-demethylase P450 (CYP51), the most conserved P450 monooxygenase: I. Structural analyses of the gene and multiple sizes of mRNA. Noshiro M, Aoyama Y, Kawamoto T, Gotoh O, Horiuchi T, Yoshida Y. J Biochem. 1997 Dec;122(6):1114–21. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  5. The gene mutated in bare patches and striated mice encodes a novel 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Liu XY, Dangel AW, Kelley RI, Zhao W, Denny P, Botcherby M, et al. Nat Genet. 1999 Jun;22(2):182–7. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  6. Membrane-bound enzymes of cholesterol synthesis from lanosterol. Gaylor JL. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2002 Apr 19;292(5):1139–46. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  7. Localization of mammalian NAD(P)H steroid dehydrogenase-like protein on lipid droplets. Ohashi M, Mizushima N, Kabeya Y, Yoshimori T. J Biol Chem. 2003 Sep 19;278(38):36819–29. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia