Synthesis of ceramides and 1-deoxyceramides (WP5194)
Homo sapiens
Synthesis of ceramides and 1-deoxyceramides from serine and alanine, respectively, including the synthesis of complex glycosphingolipids in humans. Multiple complex sphingolipid synthesis reactions were added to improve pathway versatility. 1-Deoxyceramide synthesis shows many similarities with ceramide synthesis but has much less documentation, hence this comprehensive figure.
Authors
Quinten Lok , Denise Slenter , and Eric WeitzActivity
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Organisms
Homo sapiensCommunities
Annotations
Pathway Ontology
ceramide signaling pathway lacto-series glycosphingolipid metabolic pathway sphingolipid biosynthetic pathwayCell Type Ontology
animal cell| Label | Type | Compact URI | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alanine | Metabolite | chebi:16449 | |
| Ceramide | Metabolite | chebi:52639 | |
| Sphingosine-1-phosphate | Metabolite | chebi:37550 | |
| 3-Ketosphinganine | Metabolite | chebi:17862 | |
| Hexadecenal | Metabolite | hmdb:HMDB0060482 | |
| Serine | Metabolite | chebi:17822 | |
| Lc3Cer | Metabolite | hmdb:HMDB0062485 | |
| 1-O-acyl-ceramide | Metabolite | chebi:133444 | |
| Phosphoethanolamine | Metabolite | chebi:17553 | |
| GA2 | Metabolite | chebi:36774 | |
| CerP(d18:1/16:0) | Metabolite | chebi:72963 | |
| Ganglioside GM4 | Metabolite | chebi:27499 | |
| Sulphatide | Metabolite | chebi:18318 | |
| Sphinganine | Metabolite | hmdb:HMDB0000269 | |
| Sphingosine | Metabolite | hmdb:HMDB0000252 | |
| Dihydroceramide | Metabolite | hmdb:HMDB0006752 | |
| Galactosylceramide | Metabolite | chebi:18390 | |
| Lactosylceramide | Metabolite | chebi:134507 | |
| Globoside Gb3Cer | Metabolite | chebi:88154 | |
| S1P | Metabolite | chebi:37550 | |
| Sphingomyelin | Metabolite | chebi:62490 | |
| Palmitoyl-CoA | Metabolite | chebi:15525 | |
| Glucosylceramide | Metabolite | chebi:18368 | |
| Isogloboside iGb3Cer | Metabolite | chebi:140817 | |
| 1-Deoxyceramide | Metabolite | chebi:52639 | |
| 1-Deoxy-3-ketosphinganine | Metabolite | chebi:17862 | |
| 1-deoxysphinganine | Metabolite | chebi:67109 | |
| 1-Deoxysphingosine | Metabolite | hmdb:HMDB0000252 | |
| 1-Deoxydihydroceramide | Metabolite | hmdb:HMDB0006752 | |
| CERS4 | GeneProduct | ensembl:ENSG00000090661 | |
| UGT8 | GeneProduct | ensembl:ENSG00000174607 | |
| UGCG | GeneProduct | ensembl:ENSG00000148154 | |
| B3GNT5 | GeneProduct | ensembl:ENSG00000176597 | |
| KDSR | GeneProduct | ensembl:ENSG00000119537 | |
| DGAT1 | GeneProduct | ensembl:ENSG00000185000 | Uncertain, source material did not specify what protein isoform is responsible for this reaction. |
| B4GALNT1 | GeneProduct | ensembl:ENSG00000135454 | |
| CERK | GeneProduct | ensembl:ENSG00000100422 | |
| ASAH1 | GeneProduct | ensembl:ENSG00000104763 | |
| A4GALT | GeneProduct | ensembl:ENSG00000128274 | |
| CERS1 | GeneProduct | ensembl:ENSG00000223802 | |
| A3GALT2 | GeneProduct | ensembl:ENSG00000184389 | |
| SGMS2 | GeneProduct | ensembl:ENSG00000164023 | |
| CERS2 | GeneProduct | ensembl:ENSG00000143418 | |
| SPHK1 | GeneProduct | ensembl:ENSG00000176170 | |
| SGMS1 | GeneProduct | ensembl:ENSG00000198964 | |
| CERS3 | GeneProduct | ensembl:ENSG00000154227 | |
| DES | GeneProduct | ensembl:ENSG00000175084 | |
| B4GALT1 | GeneProduct | ensembl:ENSG00000086062 | |
| CERS5 | GeneProduct | ensembl:ENSG00000139624 | |
| CERS6 | GeneProduct | ensembl:ENSG00000172292 | |
| SPTLC1 | Protein | uniprot:O15269 |
References
- Targeting Glucosylceramide Synthesis in the Treatment of Rare and Common Renal Disease. Shayman JA. Semin Nephrol. 2018 Mar;38(2):183–92. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- 1-Deoxyceramides - Key players in lipotoxicity and progression to type 2 diabetes? Sen P, Hyötyläinen T, Orešič M. Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2021 May;232(1):e13635. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Convergence: Lactosylceramide-Centric Signaling Pathways Induce Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Other Phenotypic Outcomes. Chatterjee S, Balram A, Li W. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Feb 12;22(4):1816. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia