Cholesterol biosynthesis (WP132)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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Cholesterol is a waxy steroid metabolite found in the cell membranes and transported in the blood plasma of all animals. It is an essential structural component of mammalian cell membranes, where it is required to establish proper membrane permeability and fluidity. In addition, cholesterol is an important component for the manufacture of bile acids, steroid hormones, and several fat-soluble vitamins. Cholesterol is the principal sterol synthesized by animals, but small quantities are synthesized in other eukaryotes, such as plants and fungi. It is almost completely absent among prokaryotes, which include bacteria. Source: [[wikipedia:Cholesterol|Wikipedia]]

Authors

Michael Lieberman , Ned Mantei , Thomas Kelder , Christine Chichester , Egon Willighagen , Eveline Gerretsen , Kristina Hanspers , and Eric Weitz

Activity

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Organisms

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Communities

Annotations

Pathway Ontology

cholesterol biosynthetic pathway

Participants

Label Type Compact URI Comment
Lanosterol Metabolite chebi:16521
HMG-CoA Metabolite chebi:15467
(R)-5-Phosphomevalonate Metabolite chebi:17436
Acetyl-CoA Metabolite cas:72-89-9
Squalene Metabolite chebi:15440
Lathosterol Metabolite cas:80-99-9
Cholesterol Metabolite cas:57-88-5
ERG9 GeneProduct ncbigene:856597
ERG7 GeneProduct ncbigene:856470
ERG12 GeneProduct ncbigene:855248
ERG3 GeneProduct ncbigene:850745
HMG1 GeneProduct ncbigene:854900
IDI1 GeneProduct ncbigene:855986
ERG26 GeneProduct ncbigene:852883 NAD(P) dependent steroid dehydrogenase-like
MVD1 GeneProduct ncbigene:855779
ERG11 GeneProduct ncbigene:856398
ERG25 GeneProduct ncbigene:852951
ERG1 GeneProduct ncbigene:853086
ERG20 GeneProduct ncbigene:853272
ERG13 GeneProduct ncbigene:854913

References

  1. Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase catalyzing the single condensation between isopentenyl diphosphate and farnesyl diphosphate. Sagami H, Korenaga T, Ogura K. J Biochem. 1993 Jul;114(1):118–21. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  2. Cloning and characterization of ERG25, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene encoding C-4 sterol methyl oxidase. Bard M, Bruner DA, Pierson CA, Lees ND, Biermann B, Frye L, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Jan 9;93(1):186–90. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  3. Characterization of yeast methyl sterol oxidase (ERG25) and identification of a human homologue. Li L, Kaplan J. J Biol Chem. 1996 Jul 12;271(28):16927–33. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  4. Structural and evolutionary studies on sterol 14-demethylase P450 (CYP51), the most conserved P450 monooxygenase: I. Structural analyses of the gene and multiple sizes of mRNA. Noshiro M, Aoyama Y, Kawamoto T, Gotoh O, Horiuchi T, Yoshida Y. J Biochem. 1997 Dec;122(6):1114–21. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  5. The gene mutated in bare patches and striated mice encodes a novel 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Liu XY, Dangel AW, Kelley RI, Zhao W, Denny P, Botcherby M, et al. Nat Genet. 1999 Jun;22(2):182–7. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  6. Membrane-bound enzymes of cholesterol synthesis from lanosterol. Gaylor JL. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2002 Apr 19;292(5):1139–46. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  7. Localization of mammalian NAD(P)H steroid dehydrogenase-like protein on lipid droplets. Ohashi M, Mizushima N, Kabeya Y, Yoshimori T. J Biol Chem. 2003 Sep 19;278(38):36819–29. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia