Biosynthesis of anthocyanins from phenylalanine in purple corn (WP5421)
Zea mays
The pathway describes how anthocyanins are synthesized from the amino acid phenylalanine through a series of enzymatic steps involving phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), chalcone synthase (CHS), and flavonoid-3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT). These enzymes convert phenylalanine into various intermediates, ultimately leading to the formation of anthocyanins, which are then stored in cell vacuoles.
Authors
Mshintani and Egon WillighagenActivity
Discuss this pathway
Check for ongoing discussions or start your own.
Cited In
Are you planning to include this pathway in your next publication? See How to Cite and add a link here to your paper once it's online.
Organisms
Zea maysCommunities
Annotations
Pathway Ontology
classic metabolic pathway| Label | Type | Compact URI | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| PHENYLALANINE | Metabolite | chebi:17295 | |
| Cinnamic acid | Metabolite | chebi:27386 | |
| 4-Coumaroyl-CoA | Metabolite | chebi:15499 | |
| Malonyl-CoA | Metabolite | chebi:15531 | |
| Naringin chalcone | Metabolite | chebi:80492 | |
| Naringin | Metabolite | chebi:28819 | |
| Dihydrokaempferol | Metabolite | chebi:15401 | |
| Dihydroquercetin | Metabolite | chebi:38747 | |
| Leucoanthocyanidin | Metabolite | chebi:60835 | |
| Anthocyanidins | Metabolite | chebi:38695 | |
| Anthocyanins | Metabolite | chebi:38697 | |
| Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase | GeneProduct | uniprot:Q8VXG7 | |
| Cinnamate 4-Hydroxylase | GeneProduct | uniprot:P92994 | |
| Chalcone Synthase | GeneProduct | uniprot:A0A1D6QKV2 | |
| 4-Coumarate:Coenzyme A Ligase | GeneProduct | uniprot:B4FQP4 | |
| Chalcone Isomerase | GeneProduct | uniprot:Q08704 | |
| Flavanone 3-Hydroxylase | GeneProduct | uniprot:Q7Y1X4 | |
| Flavonoid 3'-Hydroxylase | GeneProduct | uniprot:Q7XJ45 | |
| Anthocyanidin Synthase | GeneProduct | uniprot:P41213 | |
| Flavonoid-3-O-Glucosyltransferase | GeneProduct | uniprot:Q9LVW3 |
References
- Anthocyanins in metabolites of purple corn. Cai T, Ge-Zhang S, Song M. Front Plant Sci. 2023 Apr 6;14:1154535. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia